Friday, 4 October 2013

Week 7: BioBusiness Revolution: Agribiology, Environmental Life Sciences and Industrial Biotechnology (Past, Present and Future)

Brief Overview:
This week, we’re looking at the other half of biobusiness, namely the businesses focusing on green biotech (plants), white biotech (industrial) and blue biotech (blue).  The technology adoption gap that exists in biotechnology is 8 years long; it takes 8 years for a great innovation to be adopted by the masses, which explains why biotech seems to be lagging behind most other industries.

Agriculture amounts for 40% of the world’s jobs but only produces 25% of the world’s GDP. This imbalance might change in the future as more people shift to the cities in the hopes of finding new jobs and better facilities. However, this same change could amount to new problems. These facilities provide for a sedentary lifestyle as consumption patterns, exercise, healthcare and energy usage all change. These new problems could be great opportunities to enterprising people though.

Now to briefly recap on the latest developments of biobusiness. First, we’ll look at the agricultural and food sector. Fish farming accounts for 70% of the world’s fish supply, GM foods (such as vegetables and grain and even fish) are still a highly debatable topic, pre-cut vegetables are made for our convenience but may not be the best development for the environment. Sustainability of the world’s natural resources such as forests also rest on our judicious or reckless placement of farms and infrastructure.

Next, we’ll take a look at industrial biotechnology. One of the best developments in this industry so far is the use of enzymes. These enzymes are used in detergents, cleaners, tanneries, tenderize meat, create medicine and even have uses in the field of mining. Thanks to their properties of being bio-catalysts, there are many advantages to using these (even more so than last time). There is also a change of some farmers to specialized farmers (farmists). These farmers can apply mechanization in large farming to  save costs of production and manpower. Also, these have applications in the production of certain products such as synthetic spider’s silk protein which will be discussed in the key takeaways.

Key takeaways:
GMO’s are a double-edged sword. As with any new development that we come up with, there is a chance that it will deliver great amounts of good as much as it can deliver a whole load of negativity. GMO foods involves swapping or adding genes to manipulate the traits of the organism in question. Higher yields may be gained by inserting such a gene into rice and corn for instance, but what if these genes also create new allergens? There are also some studies conducted that show that animals fed with GM foods for a few generations suffered from enlarged kidneys and livers and some of the animals tested over a few generations (of the animals) showed that they produced fewer offspring compared to their non-GMO fed counterparts. It is fair to say that some of these tests may not have been done correctly but the there is a silent implication it might be true if the GMO companies’ employees themselves refuse to eat the GMO products (click here).

On the other hand, we can also say that without genetic modification of the plants, we wouldn’t even have agriculture. The process of domesticating plants for agriculture has been going on for thousands of years. These processes are also part of the Green Revolution allowing more food to be grown with less land, increasing overall output and providing more food to the masses. Another point worth noting here is that our ancestors performed genetic modification without the use of high-tech gene placement methods, the plants themselves could do this naturally so to speak. If our current methods of gene manipulation for GMO food is wrong, hopefully we will be able to find out before it’s too late.

Enzymes are awesome. The industry has managed to apply enzymes in a variety of uses as discussed above. Enzymes were used mostly for the production of some confectionaries and drinks like cheese, yoghurt and beer. Nowadays, these little guys help to reduce water requirement for some products, remove the need for vast amounts of harsh chemicals being applied to fabrics in fabric production and are even able to help in the mining sector! These are also helping to turn more of our industries into environmentally friendly ones making us one step closer to leaving no negative effect on Mother Nature. This proves that it may be possible for mankind to live in harmony with nature without disturbing the delicate balance.

Class ratings:

Once again, the class was entertaining, comprehensive and overall enjoyable. Well done to all the brave souls who presented today (my turn’s in the next class). I’ll give this class a 9/10.

No comments:

Post a Comment